The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has identified declining vaccination rates as the main driver behind the resurgence of measles, a highly contagious disease once thought to be under control. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), achieving herd immunity against measles requires at least 95% vaccine coverage. However, recent data reveals that about one in six children in England did not receive both doses of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine by their fifth birthday. In certain areas such as Enfield and Birmingham, vaccination rates are significantly lower.
Measles spreads rapidly through coughing and sneezing and can result in serious complications including ear infections, chest infections, and even inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). The most effective defense is ensuring children receive two doses of the MMRV vaccine, which also protects against chickenpox. This vaccine replaced the MMR jab earlier this year, offering broader immunization coverage.
The reemergence of measles serves as a stark reminder of the critical importance of maintaining high vaccination rates to protect public health and prevent outbreaks of diseases that were once controlled.