Toothache is a common issue with various origins, including decay, a damaged filling, cracked tooth, or infection. While some pain can seem manageable at first, certain symptoms may signal a more serious underlying problem requiring urgent attention.
Dr Deepa Chopra, a dentist at Whites Dental, explains: “Toothache signals that something isn’t right in your body. Painkillers may ease the discomfort temporarily but do not address the underlying cause. It is important to note how long the pain lasts and whether additional symptoms such as swelling, fever, or difficulty swallowing develop – these should never be ignored.”
Here are six important warning signs indicating that a toothache may need prompt dental care:
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- Pain persisting longer than two days
If toothache lasts more than two days, even if intermittent, it should be checked by a dentist. Dr Chopra emphasises: “Recurring or prolonged pain seldom resolves without treatment. Early diagnosis increases the likelihood of preventing more complex issues.”
- Pain relief does not ease the pain
Severe pain that is not controlled by appropriate over-the-counter painkillers may point to inflammation or infection inside the tooth. “It’s crucial to follow the medication guidelines and consult a pharmacist if unsure about what is safe to take,” Dr Chopra advises.
- Swelling of the cheek or jaw
Swelling around the tooth, cheek, or jaw may indicate a dental abscess or infection. Even minor swelling should not be ignored and requires prompt assessment as infections can spread.
- Fever or general feeling of being unwell
A toothache accompanied by a high temperature or malaise suggests the body is fighting an infection. Dr Chopra stresses the importance of seeking professional advice promptly, especially if symptoms worsen or swelling increases.
- Bad taste in mouth or red gums
An unpleasant taste, red or painful gums, biting discomfort, or discharge near the tooth may signal an infection. Sometimes, an abscess draining can momentarily reduce pain but the infection remains and requires treatment.
- Swelling affecting breathing or swallowing
Significant swelling impacting breathing, swallowing or speaking constitutes a medical emergency. “This situation transcends a typical toothache and requires immediate emergency assistance,” warns Dr Chopra.
Patients needing urgent dental treatment should contact their dentist. If an emergency appointment is unavailable or they do not have a regular dentist, NHS 111 is the next point of contact. For critical signs such as breathing or swallowing difficulties, uncontrolled bleeding, or serious facial or jaw injuries, dial 999 or attend A&E immediately.