Asthma affects around 7.2 million people in the UK, which is roughly eight in every 100 individuals, according to data from Asthma and Lung UK. Dr. Suraj Kukadia, commonly known as Dr. Sooj, has shed light on how asthma is diagnosed and the key symptoms to watch for.
Asthma diagnosis relies on a combination of symptom patterns and objective lung function tests. Dr. Sooj explains that people with asthma often experience episodes of a tight chest, breathlessness, wheezing, or coughing. These symptoms commonly worsen at night or in the early morning—a phenomenon known as diurnal variation. Triggers such as cold air during exercise, viral infections, or exposure to dust can also exacerbate symptoms.
One defining characteristic of asthma is variability; symptoms can come and go, and lung function may fluctuate over time. To confirm the diagnosis, healthcare professionals assess how the lungs perform under different conditions.
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The NHS outlines that diagnosing asthma starts with symptom questionnaires, followed by simple breathing tests and sometimes blood tests. Patients may also be asked to use a peak flow meter at home to monitor their lung function over several weeks. Because symptoms vary, diagnosis can sometimes take time, but early detection is essential to manage the condition effectively.
Once diagnosed, patients receive support from a care team, which often includes GPs, nurses, and specialists. This team guides patients on how and when to take their medication, how to monitor their asthma, and which triggers to avoid. Important details are recorded in an asthma action plan—a personalized document aimed at helping patients manage their condition and respond to worsening symptoms. Annual check-ups ensure treatment remains effective, including proper inhaler use and plan updates.
Dr. Sooj also emphasizes the importance of family history, as asthma commonly runs in families alongside related allergic conditions like eczema and hay fever. These atopic illnesses can occur together or separately among relatives, so it’s helpful to review family health history for better diagnosis and management.
The primary symptoms of asthma involve breathing difficulties, which range from mild to severe and typically appear intermittently. Although asthma often starts in childhood, it can develop at any age. Recognizing these signs and seeking timely medical advice can greatly improve quality of life for those affected.